多孔质节流空气静压轴承静态性能实验研究

本文采用不锈钢多孔质材料研制了一种新的空气静压轴承,并对不同平均孔径的多孔质空气静压轴承以及一种表面复合节流空气静压轴承的承载能力和刚度进行了实验测试和分析,结果表明,选用合适的不锈钢多孔质材料以及适当的加工方法可以制造高承载能力与高刚度的空气静压轴承。     

高速圆柱滚子轴承工作温度研究

将滚子与套圈滚道摩擦生热视为移动热源,建立了高速圆柱滚子轴承温度场计算模型;使用ANSYS的APDL语言发展了轴承工作温度分析的参数化程序,输入热流密度等边界条件,程序能够自动建模精确的分析高速圆柱滚子轴承工作温度.以一个型号轴承为例,分析了不同工况参数对轴承工作温度的影响,结果显示轴承内圈转速、径向载荷和润滑油入口油温对轴承工作温度影响显著.      

Nonlinear Dynamics Behaviors of a Rotor Roller Bearing System with Radial Clearances and Waviness Considered

A rotor system supported by roller beatings displays very complicated nonlinear behaviors due to nonlinear Hertzian contact forces, radial clearances and bearing waviness. This paper presents nonlinear bearing forces of a roller bearing under four-dimensional loads and establishes 4-DOF dynamics equations of a rotor roller bearing system. The methods of Newmark-β and of Newton-Laphson are used to solve the nonlinear equations. The dynamics behaviors of a rigid rotor system are studied through the bifurcation, the Poincar è maps, the spectrum diagrams and the axis orbit of responses of the system. The results show that the system is liable to undergo instability caused by the quasi-periodic bifurcation, the periodic-doubling bifurcation and chaos routes as the rotational speed increases. Clearances, outer race waviness, inner race waviness, roller waviness, damping, radial forces and unbalanced forces-all these bring a significant influence to bear on the system stability. As the clearance increases, the dynamics behaviors become complicated with the number and the scale of instable regions becoming larger. The vibration frequencies induced by the roller bearing waviness and the orders of the waviness might cause severe vibrations. The system is able to eliminate non-periodic vibration by reasonable choice and optimization of the parameters.     

三支承磁悬浮轴承转子系统性能的实验分析

在一般磁悬浮轴承转子系统的基础上增加辅助磁悬浮支承组件,构成磁轴承与辅助磁悬浮支承组合三点支承转子系统。通过试验模态分析和系统高速旋转实验研究了不同控制参数下,组合支承柔性转子系统的动态性能,并与二支承系统进行了比较。实验结果表明,辅助磁悬浮支承对系统性能有较大影响,提高了系统在各阶模态振动时的阻尼,使系统顺利越过二阶弯曲临界转速在16000rpm以上稳定运行。     

考虑外圈局部缺陷的滚动轴承非线性动力特性

 建立了考虑滚动轴承外圈局部缺陷、非线性轴承力和径向游隙等非线性因素的滚动轴承系统动力学微分方程,并用Runge-Kutta-Felhberg算法对其求解。利用分岔图、Poincaré映射图、频谱图以及均方值、峰值因子、峭度等时域参数,分析了滚动轴承的响应、分岔和混沌等非线性动力特性。结果表明：考虑外圈局部缺陷的滚动轴承系统存在多种周期、拟周期和混沌响应;滚动轴承系统进入混沌的主要途径是倍周期分叉;峰值因子比率在中、低速,峭度比率在低速时可以很好地识别外圈局部缺陷。均方值比率除了在与轴承动力特性有关的个别转速外,可以在较大的转速范围识别外圈局部缺陷。     

大跨悬挑屋盖风压分布风洞试验分析

通过大跨悬挑曲面屋盖刚性模型风洞试验,分析各风向角风压系数均值等值线图及跨中区域时体型系数以确定最不利风向角,研究跨中迎风边缘及顺风测点功率谱及相干特性,最后针对跨中不同位置测点风压概率分布密度特性探讨峰值因子合理取值。     

角接触球轴承分析模型的数值求解

建立了内圈静止、外圈旋转的角接触球轴承分析模型,考虑了滚动体的离心力、陀螺力矩以及弹性流体动 力润滑作用.建立了非线性方程组未知量的约束条件,解决了Newton-Raphson法求解方程易出现不收敛的问 题.以两个角接触球轴承为算例,分析了轴承内、外圈分别旋转对应力的影响,以及转速和径向载荷对轴承工作 性能的影响.结果表明,轴承外圈转时接触应力随转速增大而显著增大,内圈转时则无明显变化;低转速下外圈 转的接触应力明显低于内圈转;较小的径向栽荷下外圈转的接触应力高于内圈转;轴承微区滑动速度受转速和径向栽荷的影响显著.通过Jones球轴承拟静力学分析程序计算,验证了模型和程序的有效性.     

Vertical distribution of the power of short- and long-period oscillations in a sunspot and in surrounding magnetic elements

We present the results of processing three 256-min series of observations of quasi-periodic oscillations of the field of line-of-sight velocities in three sunspots. The Doppler shifts were determined simultaneously for six spectral lines formed at different heights in the solar atmosphere. In addition to the well-known high-frequency (periods of 3–5 min) oscillations, a band of low-frequency oscillations with periods of 60–80 min is revealed in the spectra of the sunspot umbra and magnetic elements located in immediate proximity of the sunspot. Unlike the short-period modes, the power of the long-period mode of line-of-sight velocity oscillations in the sunspot decreases sharply with height: these oscillations are distinctly seen in the line formed at a height of 200 km and almost are not seen in the line with the formation height of 500 km. This is indicative of different physical nature of the short-period and long-period oscillations of a sunspot. If the former are caused by slow magnetosonic waves within the field tube of the spot, the latter are representative of global vertical-radial oscillations of a magnetic element (spot, pore) as a whole near the position of a stable equilibrium.     

Numerical simulation of circulation of the Titan’s atmosphere: Interpretation of measurements of the <Emphasis Type="Italic">Huygens</Emphasis> probe

The results of numerical simulation of the general circulation in the Titan’s atmosphere at heights from 0 to 250 km are presented, obtained using a new model based on numerical solution of complete equations of motion of viscous compressible gas at the temperature distribution given by an empirical model. The model uses no hydrostatic equation and, as compared with traditional models, has higher resolution in vertical and over horizon. The results presented differ from results of other models and agree with the vertical profile of the zonal component of wind velocity measured by the Huygens spacecraft. Interpretation of this profile is given, including its main peculiarity consisting in a nonmonotonic behavior at heights from 60 to 75 km.     

Estimation of dynamic characteristics of the <Emphasis Type="Italic">International Space Station</Emphasis> from measurements of microaccelerations

We describe the results of determining the mass of the International Space Station using the data of MAMS accelerometer taken during correction of the station orbit on August 20, 2004. The correction was made by approach and attitude control engines (ACE) of the Progress transporting spacecraft. The engines were preliminary calibrated in an autonomous flight using the onboard device for measuring apparent velocity increment. The method of calibration is described and its results are presented. The error in station mass determination is about 1%. The same data of MAMS and similar data obtained during the orbit correction on August 26, 2004 were used for the analysis of high-frequency vibrations of the station mainframe caused by operation of the ACE of Progress. Natural frequencies of the ACE are determined. They lie in the frequency band 0.024–0.11 Hz. ACE operation is demonstrated to result in a substantial increase of microaccelerations onboard the station in the frequency range 0–1 Hz. The frequencies are indicated at which disturbances increase by more than an order of magnitude. The study described was carried out as a part of the Tensor technological experiment.